World Stage: The Global Quantum Landscape | The Millikelvin

Seven ecosystems compared. The US committed $2B on May 21. France committed €1B on May 22. China is spending the most by an order of magnitude. The UK leads the rest of the West. Australia made the biggest single bet. Canada is betting on talent. The Netherlands is betting on topological qubits. All of them are watching Colorado.

  • National Laboratory for Quantum Information Sciences: The state-directed research backbone of China's quantum program.
  • Origin Quantum: China's superconducting lineage, descendant of the Zuchongzhi processor program.
  • Turing Quantum: Photonic quantum computing in the Jiuzhang lineage.
  • QuantumCTek: Quantum key distribution and the operator side of China's intercity QKD network.
  • University of Science and Technology of China: The academic origin of the Jiuzhang photonic and Zuchongzhi superconducting programs.
  • Logic Bit: Hangzhou-based entrant in China's expanding domestic quantum company count.
  • Pasqal: Neutral atom hardware, planning a public listing at a $2B valuation.
  • Alice & Bob: Cat qubit hardware. Next40 list 2025.
  • Quobly: Silicon spin qubits, entered STMicroelectronics 300mm fab in December 2025.
  • Quandela: Photonic quantum systems, OVHcloud partnership for sovereign cloud by mid-2026.
  • C12 Quantum Electronics: Carbon nanotube superconducting qubits, the fifth modality in the French stack.
  • PROQCIMA: Ministry of Armed Forces procurement programme targeting fault-tolerant quantum by 2032.
  • Xanadu: Photonic quantum computing, traces to IQC and Perimeter.
  • Nord Quantique: Bosonic qubit error correction, Sherbrooke.
  • Photonic Inc: Silicon spin qubits networked together for distributed fault tolerance.
  • Anyon Systems: Superconducting hardware.
  • evolutionQ: Quantum-safe security software, direct lineage to IQC Waterloo.
  • Institute for Quantum Computing: The training base for the technical founders of every major Canadian quantum company.
  • Perimeter Institute: Theoretical physics research institute, half of the Waterloo talent base.
  • PsiQuantum: The $940M sovereign-backed bet on photonic, fab-scale quantum computing.
  • Silicon Quantum Computing: Silicon spin qubit company, one of eight Australian quantum home companies.
  • Diraq: Silicon spin qubits, $38M recipient in the May 21, 2026 CHIPS Act announcement.
  • Q-CTRL: Error correction and control software for quantum hardware.
  • Quantum Brilliance: Room-temperature diamond NV quantum hardware.
  • CSIRO: Australia's national science agency, projecting a $2.2B quantum market by 2030.
  • Oxford Quantum Circuits: Superconducting qubits inside the UK's £2.5B national strategy.
  • Riverlane: Quantum error correction software, Cambridge.
  • National Quantum Computing Centre: The UK's central quantum computing centre, operational in 2026.
  • ORCA Computing: Photonic quantum systems inside the UK national strategy.
  • QuTech / TU Delft: TU Delft + TNO joint venture. Microsoft's primary academic partner for topological qubits.
  • QuantWare: Superconducting processors sold into the global quantum supply chain.
  • Orange Quantum Systems: Calibration and control infrastructure for quantum processors.
  • Microsoft (Research, Delft): Microsoft's topological qubit research, anchored partly through QuTech.